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n. 8 Il .n 7 S 2 s l t u. .m A s d 3 e .t n E.. a N PB W AT EA TW) ST7. NLw EU1. Bcn, .M. TAWA E. .1MM nu hun um .I Fn WSm Duw FTM .A HR .n nnP A m. 5 8., J 0 .m 6 0 0. M N M ELT-flesse s l No. 608,5!4. f Patented Aug. 2;, |898.

' R. H. FUWLER &. T. BENSTEAD.

APPARATUS FOR'STEAM CULTIVATIUN.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(Application filed Sept. 28, 1897.) (N o` M u d e I Patented Aug. 2, |898. R. H. FOWLER & T. BENSTEAD. APPABATUSFOR STEAM CULTIVATIUN.

(Application filed Sept. 23, 1897.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

No. 608,5l4.

' ITED-STTATES PATENT QEEIOE.

ROBERT HENRY EOwLER AND THOMAs RENs'rEAD, OE LEEDs, ENGLAND.

.APPARATus F'o R51-EAM ou LTNATION.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of' Letters Patent No.ieos,5r14, dated August 2, 1s98.` VApplication filed SeptemberZS, 1897A. Serial No. 6f2j'756. (No model.)

To all wh'ontit may concern: Be it known thatwe, ROBERi` l-IENRYF-ow- LER and THOMAS BENsTE'ADjengineers', citizens of England, residing-'at Vthe Steam Plough Works,"Leeds, in the county of York, Eng-y land, have invented certain new and useful Improved Apparatus for Steam Cultivation, of which the-following is a specification.A

This invention relates to improvements in the construction ofapparatus for steam cultivationdescribed in the yspecification kof United States Patents No. 468,502," of '1890,l

and No. 534,216, of 1893.

We will describe thesaid improvements ings, rin which- Y withV reference to the accompanying draw- Figure l shows a part front elevation of a. plow-frame, Ashowing the improved arrange-- ment for the adjustment of vthe cultivating-v4 toolsand their skids, as also for angling and v Fig. 2 shows a" part plan "of these parts. Fig. 3 shows a sec` Figs. 4 and 5 show side and front views of combined skimmers and col-l Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal'section'ofV controlling the rear wheels.

tional side view.

ters. the fore carriage with the improved caster mechanism, as also the adjustment of the framed arms'carrying the cultivating-tools. Fig. 7 showsa plan'. Fig. 8 shows a front view of the bracket adjustment for the said framed arms. Fig. 9 is a plan of the complete machine with our improvements applied thereto, the machine beingl shownin the act of turning. fFig. l0 is a longitudinal section taken through vthe center line of Fig. 9. l ll is a detached View of the pawl-catch I.v

The present 'improvements relate more partic ularlytoV the construction of machine de# scribed in the specification yofUnited StatesVv Patent No. 534,216,`and for the 'clearer understanding thereof we will designate certain parts with the 4same letters fof reference as those designating the correspondingparts in the said specification.

One-part of the present invention relates to vthe" adjustment of the cultivating-tools. Instead of the skids WV', described in the said speciiicatiomlbeing attached 'to the framed arms P, (see details, Figs. l, 2, 3, 9, and l0 of Fig.

the accompanying drawings,) carrying the cultivating-tools', they are carried on the bar Q, by whichy the tools are raised and lowered. This bar is' for this purpose fitted with vertically-adjustable brackets l, to wihich are attached y*by a swivelingl connection 2skids WY, iserving the same purpose as Y those between the cultivating-tools in the former construction. By'means of thefswiveling connection the skids are enabled to adj ust them- :selves to any direction according to the 'line of draft. A

The bal` Q, with its skids W, is free to move vertically by means of slides 23, fixed thereto in vertical guides 3, carried by the main longitudinal frame A, so that the cultivatingtools are thereby enabled toadapt themselves to the contour ofthe land that is being operated on.

Tofacilitate the adjustment of the framed arms P with a View to their working level in different kinds of soil, each framed arm has its pivot-pin S (see details, Figs. 6, 8, and 10) at the leading end made vertically adjustable in a slotted bracket 5. screw 6 at its under side by turning which in one direction or the other the pivot-pin S', and consequently the framed arm P, is either allowed to drop or is raised up, and it is then secured in its adjusted position in the bracket 5 by the clamping-nut 4 on S.

By arranging the skids W on the bar Q as described, instead of on the framed arms P,

,we are enabled to use skimmers and knife ,or revolving colters on the'said arms, which `are well-known'adjuncts of Ahorse and other plows and'which serve to prevent any of the top surfaceof'the land remaining on the top afterplowing and to prevent the plow from clogging up. Accordingv to our present improvement we arrange the skimmers 7 directly behind the colters `8, (see details, Figs. 4, 5, and 9,) the skimmers being adjustably attached to the colters by means of slotted holes and screw-bolts, as shown. Thus any surface growth is at once `caught uppby the skimmer 7 and turnedsinto/ the furrow.

. Another improvementrelates to the arrangement of the fore-carriage caster mech- This bracket has a anism. The fore carriage J, Figs. (3, 7, 9, and 10, has its front end formed with a ring 9, with a groove 10 of semicircular section. \Vithin this ring is placed a second ring or disk 11, having a peripheral groove 12 of semicircular section, which in meeting the groove 10 of ring t) with a certain amount of play forms therewith a closed circular groove, into which is introduced a circle of bearing-balls 13, so that disk 11 constitutes a turn-table turning freely upon the ring of balls. rl`he ring 9 is suitably formed in two halves fixed together for enabling the balls to be introduced. The disk 11 has a central downwardly-extending socket 1- l,-, in which is fitted the caster-bracket 15, so as to be vertically adjustable therein by means of the screw 1G. r1`hus the caster is afforded the greatest possible freedom of rotation in either direction ou the ball-bearing in following the direction of the draft, and whatever suoli direction may be or whatever may be the movement of the fore carriage the weight and strains on the latter will be transmitted in an equally-distributed manner over the full circle of balls.

Another improvement relates to the coupling-linklil,connecting the lever Dtof the rear wheels C with the screw-spindle E2 in the said Patent No. 531,216. According to our prosent improvement, as shown in detail at Figs. l, 2, 3, t), and 1,() of the drawings, we construct the said link in two parts 17 1S, of which the forked part 1,7 is pivoted to the nut of the screw-spindle F2, while the part 1S is pivoted to the lever l)L on the pivot-joint of the axle of the rear wheel C. The parts 17 1S being united by a screw connection, it will be seen that by adjusting the length of the link the position of the wheel C relatively to the frame A can be accurately adjusted.

Another improvement relates to the pawlcatch I, described in the said Patent No. 5B1-,216, which engages with the toothed ratchet on the wheel (1 for preventing backward rotation. At certain times, especially when the plow is being turned (either uphill or downhill) on sloping land, it is desirable that the wheel (il should have a certain amount of freedom to run back before such motion of the wheel is stopped. For enabling this to be done we construct the said paw] in two parts, as shown at Figs. 23, 1t), and 11. of the drawings. The one part 1i? consists of a catchblock which engages with the teeth of the ratchetwheel 2O on the wheel (l and is adapted to slide within adjustable limits upon the stem 2l, forming the other part, which is pivoted to the framing. This stem may for this purpose have a series of holes in its lower part, as shown, into one or other of which a pin is inserted, according to the amount of play required, or it may have any equivalent arrangement of adjustable stop, and it has a projection or shoulder on its upper part. The catch-block 19 is allowed to slide down on the stem until it is stopped by the said pin or, as shown in dotted lines at Fig. 11, by a collar at the end of the stem. During the turning motion of the plow the wheel C requires to be locked; but before this is effected a certain freedom is given, as it will be seen that the ratchet-wheel 2O is free to turn in the backward direction, as shown by the arrow, Fig. 11, taking with it the block 19, which will slide upward on stem 21 until the block abuts against the shoulder at 22 on the stem, as shown by the full lines, Fig. 11, when it will arrest the further backward rotation of the wheel. By this means the pawl-catch can be set at will to allow the pivoting-wheel C in turning to run back the distance found most suitable.

If when the block 19 is in the raised posi-l tion a pin be inserted in the hole immediately under it, it will operate as an ordinary pawl, preventing any backward motion.

Having thus described the nature of this invention and the best means we know of carrying the same into practical effect, we claim- 1. In apparatus for steam cultivation, the combination of a vertically-movable bar Q carrying the framed arms l of the cultivating-tools, slides 23 Yfixed to bar Q and working in vertical guides f5 carried. by the main frame A and skids XV swiveling on standards 1 adjustably secured to bar Q, substantially as described.

i. In apparatus for steam cultivation, the combination of framed arms l carrying the cultivating-tools, coltcrs 8 fixed on said arms l and having skim mers 7 adj ustably attached thereto, a bar Q on which the framed arms are pivotally mounted, slides 23 fixed to said bar (2 and working in vertical guides 3 on the main frame A, and slotted brackets 5 fixed to the framing in which the pivot-pins f" of the arms l are vertically adjustable by means of screws f, substantially as described.

3. ln apparatus fior steam cultivation such as is herein referred to a caster for the fore carriage consisting of a caster-wheel and bracket combined with a ring or disk 11 with peripheral groove, mounted within a grooved ring t) on the fore carriage and supported by balls 13 running in the grooves of the rings f) and 11, substantially as described.

f t. In apparatus for steam cultivation such as is herein referred to, the combination with the lever D2 on the pivot of the axle of the rear wheel C of a divided link 17, 1S, adjustable in length, connecting the said lever to the nut on the screw-spindle E2 substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In apparatus for steam cultivation such as is herein referred to, a pawl-catch forpreH venting the backward rotation of the wheel C constructed of two parts, of which the block 10 that engages with the ratchet-wheel of the IOO ITO

Wheel C is,V free to slide within adjustable two subscribing Witnesses, this 2d day of Seplimits upon the second part or stem 2l pivtember, A, D. 1897. oted to the framin@ for the purpose of permitting a certain asranount of backward mo- 5 tion to the Wheel C before it is locked, substantially as described. Vitnesses;

In testimony whereof We have signed our JOHN HY. WILLIAMSON, names to this specification, in the presence/of FRANK ELSWORTH. 

